Setting aside the time-period and tech tree of the fictional world, the broader point -one made by Garth and especially by Shippey in Author of the Century, is that Tolkien was part of a generation of "traumatized authors" from WW1- but unlike his contemporaries (including the young Lewis) he translated his trauma not into grimly fatalistic modernism, but rather to envisioning a world where the Machine and its industrialized slaughter wasn't there- or, at least, was the Enemy of all that was good (especially blatant in the early Fall of Gondolin with its tank-like dragons).
Nonetheless, the very 20th century trauma is there, above all probably in the permanently scarred Frodo. PTSD is not a thing in mediaeval literature!
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The entire plot of The Lord of the Rings could be said to turn on what Sauron didn’t know, and when he didn’t know it.
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