I think also Gondor was more fertile, and had seaports, which would mean that not only did Gondor start off with more Dunedain and far more non-Dunedain, but the population differential would have continued to increase. Even in 3019 after a long period of decline, Gondor's provinces could muster some 30,000 fighting men*, which implies a population of at least 90,000.
*Based on the Out-companies totaling about 3000, and MT complaints that "they have spared only a tithe"
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The entire plot of The Lord of the Rings could be said to turn on what Sauron didn’t know, and when he didn’t know it.
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