There are actually three types of novels in this world:
Novels for people who can count, and for people who can't.
I'm personally allergic to the idea that you can categorize novels this way, and I'd spank Burgess if I had the chance.
Not to say that this is a bad thread, naturally. It's an interesting question. I'd say Tolkien is both. I think most great writers are both - be it apparent or not.