There is a definitive chart on the various branches of Elvendom in the back of the Silmarillion, for those who are interested.
Thingol did indeed dwell in Aman in the time of the Two Trees, although he returned to Middle Earth. However, he did ban the use of Quenya, the High Eleven tongue, in Doriath, as those who spoke it had slaughtered his Teleri kin in Alqualonde.
I believe that being of Calaquendi descent would also make you Calaquendi. Celebrimbor, for example, son of Curufin, appears to have been born in M-E, and yet he is not Sindarin, but Noldor.
Legolas, a Sindarin Elf, says so when the Fellowship visit Hollin.
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Out went the candle, and we were left darkling
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